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SealPath’s 2026 Data Protection Report

The 2026 State of Data Protection: AI and External Sharing Expose Critical Security Gaps

While modern enterprises have made significant strides in internal access management, they are actively losing the battle to secure data once it crosses the corporate perimeter. This vulnerability is being aggressively compounded by the rapid integration of artificial intelligence into daily workflows.

Released amidst a period of rapid global expansion for SealPath—which saw over 20% business growth across European and Asian markets in the first three quarters of 2026—the inaugural State of Data Protection 2026 report highlights a glaring disconnect in modern cybersecurity. Based on insights gathered from CISOs and technology professionals, the findings suggest that traditional perimeter defenses are no longer sufficient.

The Illusion of Control

The study uncovers a steep drop-off in security capabilities once files leave their native environments. While a reassuring 85% of surveyed organizations enforce the principle of least privilege internally, post-delivery control is alarmingly scarce:

  • Only 36% of respondents possess the ability to alter document permissions after a file has been sent.
  • A mere 21% utilize persistent, document-level protection that travels with the data regardless of its eventual location.

The Collision of AI and Third-Party Collaboration

External collaboration is a non-negotiable reality of modern business, with 72% of organizations confirming they routinely share highly sensitive data with external partners. Yet, the tools to manage this risk are lagging. Less than half (46%) can successfully revoke access to shared external information, and only 32% have the capability to audit third-party interactions with their data.

The mainstream adoption of Artificial Intelligence has introduced entirely new vectors for data leakage. According to the report:

  • 48% of IT leaders confirm that sensitive corporate data has already been fed into AI tools, with another 20% heavily suspecting it.
  • Only 41% maintain full visibility over the specific AI applications being utilized by their workforce.
  • Despite 91% of respondents employing some form of data protection technology, 59% admit their current controls are either partially or entirely ineffective at preventing data exposure via AI platforms.

Shifting the Security Paradigm

The findings emphasize a crucial reality: possessing security technology does not automatically equate to effective risk mitigation. Simply feeding information into an AI tool isn’t inherently a breach, but the lack of authorization controls and destination visibility turns routine tasks into massive liabilities.

“The volume of sensitive information we share is growing exponentially, traversing more channels and platforms than ever before. Artificial Intelligence has only widened this distribution funnel, drastically increasing our risk exposure when proper guardrails are absent. We can no longer rely solely on securing our internal networks; it is imperative that our protection mechanisms are embedded within the documents themselves, traveling with the data wherever it goes.”

— Luis Ángel del Valle, CEO of SealPath

About the Report: The State of Data Protection 2026 explores the evolving challenges of data governance, third-party collaboration, and AI risk. Fieldwork was conducted throughout July and August 2026. As an exploratory study relying on self-reported data from cybersecurity professionals, findings offer strategic insights rather than strict statistical market representation.

About Version 2 Limited
Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.

Through an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.

About SealPath
SealPath is the European leader in Data-Centric Security and Enterprise Digital Rights Management, working with significant companies in more than 25 countries. SealPath has been helping organizations from different business verticals such as Manufacturing, Oil and Gas, Retail, Finance, Health, and Public Administration, to protect their data for over a decade. SealPath’s client portfolio includes organizations within the Fortune 500 and Eurostoxx 50 indices. SealPath facilitates the prevention of costly mistakes, reducing the risk of data leakage, ensuring the security of confidential information, and protecting data assets.

Streamlining IP Address Management: Locate Available IPs Instantly

Streamlining IP Address Management: Locate Available IPs Instantly

“Which IP is free right now, and exactly what hardware is sitting on that occupied address?” It is a question network administrators ask themselves dozens of times a day. Rather than switching between disparate tools, Pandora FMS integrates this directly into your primary monitoring platform. With the release of version 805, this critical capability has undergone a massive structural upgrade.

The IPAM Foundation: Beyond the Spreadsheet

IP Address Management (IPAM) isn’t a new addition to Pandora FMS; it has been a staple feature for years, receiving its last major overhaul in version 731. The core philosophy remains unchanged: tracking IP allocations in a static, isolated Excel spreadsheet is an outdated and error-prone practice. IP inventory and network monitoring are inherently two sides of the exact same coin and belong in the same unified platform.

Long before this latest update, the Pandora FMS IPAM module was already handling heavy operational lifting. It reliably managed raw networks and addresses, differentiated between managed and unmanaged IPs, monitored live address consumption, handled complex VLANs and supernets, calculated subnets, and actively discovered new devices. It is vital to recognize these established capabilities to fully appreciate what the new update brings to the table.

What Elevates Version 805

Version 805 does not reinvent what IPAM does; it completely reinvents how you interact with it. This release delivers a comprehensively redesigned interface paired with deep functional enhancements that push far beyond a simple visual facelift. The new layout is engineered specifically to streamline how administrators query networks, individual IPs, and overall address capacity.

The primary goal of this redesign is to eliminate workflow friction. When you are assessing network health, IP allocations, and subnet occupancy, you need to digest that data at a single glance. For engineers who open this tool twenty times a shift, removing unnecessary clicks and confusing data layouts translates into massive time savings. Effective IT monitoring relies entirely on presenting critical data without operational drag—and if you haven’t looked at our IPAM module recently, version 805 is the perfect reason to dive back in.

Retaining the Core Engine

Rest assured, the robust engine powering Pandora FMS IPAM remains fully intact. You retain complete access to device discovery, bulk IP operations, advanced VLAN mapping, supernet organization, and subnet calculators. The 805 update simply reframes these powerful tools within a much more intuitive, consultative interface.

Ultimately, identifying which device occupies a specific IP is only the first step of the diagnostic process. The critical second step is understanding exactly which business services will collapse if that specific device goes offline—a transition from basic inventory tracking to advanced IT service impact analysis.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why use a dedicated IPAM system instead of an Excel spreadsheet?
An IPAM system centralizes your network data, allowing you to monitor live capacity, subnet occupancy, and IP assignments directly within your active monitoring platform. This eliminates the risk of siloed, outdated spreadsheets and provides a real-time, dynamic view of your infrastructure as it scales.
What exactly changed in the Pandora FMS 805 IPAM update?
Version 805 introduces a highly optimized interface and targeted functional upgrades. The redesign specifically reduces the friction involved in navigating network hierarchies, looking up specific IP states, and analyzing address usage.
What network data can the Pandora FMS IPAM module handle?
The system manages comprehensive IP address inventories, live usage statistics, VLANs, supernets, bulk subnetting tools, and automated device discovery. While these core features existed prior to 805, the new release makes executing these tasks significantly faster and more intuitive.
At what point does deploying an IPAM solution become mandatory?
IPAM becomes essential the moment your infrastructure scales beyond a handful of subnets. As the volume of managed networks and endpoints grows, relying on manual records guarantees overlapping assignments, exhausted subnets, and a complete loss of visibility over which IPs are actively managed versus freely available.

The Ripple Effect of IT Failures: Decoding Server Outages

The Ripple Effect of IT Failures: Decoding Server Outages 

It is 3:00 AM. Your smartphone buzzes on the nightstand. You squint at the screen to find a glaring red alert demanding immediate attention. Truth be told, the alert itself isn’t the nightmare. The real terror lies in the unanswered question it leaves behind: What else is crashing right now because of this?

Over the years, the IT industry has perfected the mechanics of basic monitoring—gathering metrics, painting dashboards green or red, and dispatching notifications. Yet, the critical ability to gauge impact remains woefully underdeveloped. A maxed-out hard drive on a developer’s laptop is a minor nuisance that can wait until Monday. That exact same disk full error on a core billing database is a five-alarm fire that will keep you up until dawn. The technical failure is identical; the difference is entirely about location and context.

Let’s be completely transparent: you cannot effectively triage what you do not comprehend. And you rarely grasp the full web of system dependencies until you witness them breaking in real-time. This fundamental blind spot is exactly why Pandora FMS version 805 introduces advanced service impact analysis—a powerful tool that simulates component outages to reveal the cascading consequences, all without risking your live production environment.

The Blind Spot of Traditional Alerts

Legacy monitoring solutions excel at one specific task: fetching status updates and consolidating them so your inbox isn’t flooded with identical error emails. However, they consistently fail to answer the most urgent post-alert question: “If this specific server dies, what business capabilities do I lose?”

The answer hinges entirely on how your IT relationships are mapped. No component exists in a vacuum. A server hosts an application, that application drives a microservice, and that service ultimately sustains a revenue-generating business process. When a raw alert pops up devoid of context, engineers are forced to manually connect the dots at 3:00 AM—digging through outdated network diagrams and relying on pure guesswork. Under pressure, this is a recipe for disaster.

You don’t need a sprawling, multinational corporate network to feel this pain. Even a modest service relying on a handful of components managed by different departments can become a tangled web. This is the precise boundary where merely “watching a server” transitions into truly “understanding a service.”

The Anatomy of Service Dependencies

A dependency is fundamentally a one-way street, though IT teams frequently mix this up. Simply put, business services rely on infrastructure, not the reverse. If a database server goes offline, the invoicing portal halts. But if the invoicing portal experiences a software glitch (perhaps due to a malformed user upload), the underlying database server remains perfectly healthy and unaffected.

In live environments, these dependencies form intricate, intersecting chains. A customer checkout portal might simultaneously rely on a backend database, a third-party payment gateway, and a secure authentication module. The gateway, in turn, relies on an external banking API. A failure at the absolute bottom of this chain ripples upward, paralyzing everything above it. This dynamic is why possessing a comprehensive dependency map is vastly more valuable than tracking isolated hardware metrics.

While standard service tree monitoring groups hardware into logical clusters to prevent alert fatigue, Pandora FMS version 805 approaches this from the opposite direction: dynamically analyzing how the sudden disappearance of a single piece of hardware shatters the services resting on top of it.

Context is King: Same Error, Different Disaster

Two identical disk capacity alerts can dictate entirely different responses. On a staging server, it’s a minor inconvenience. On a production database, it could freeze a month’s worth of corporate revenue. The binary failure is exactly the same, but the component’s position on the dependency map changes everything.

Similarly, a CPU spiking to 90% is merely a passive warning on a load-balanced, redundant cluster. That same spike on a standalone legacy node is a total service blackout. Treating every red alert with equal panic is an incredibly expensive misallocation of resources. If you treat a trivial issue as a crisis, you burn out your engineers; if you dismiss a critical node failure as a minor hiccup, you impact the company’s bottom line. Contextual mapping—understanding the blast radius before the bomb goes off—is the holy grail of modern incident management.

Safe Simulations: Testing the Waters Without Drowning

The most accurate way to see what happens when a server dies is to pull the plug, but intentionally breaking production is rarely a viable strategy. Simulation bridges this gap, allowing you to explore the blast radius of a failure without actually disrupting live operations. By virtually “knocking out” a component, you can instantly observe the domino effect across your service architecture.

This capability provides two massive advantages: it transforms abstract guesswork into a concrete list of vulnerable services, and it delivers the exact context required to prioritize emergency remediation.

Mastering Impact Analysis in Pandora FMS 805

Pandora FMS version 805 was engineered specifically to solve this visibility crisis. The new impact analysis engine illustrates exactly how the loss of an underlying component cripples higher-level services.

The magic word here is simulation. The tool generates these insights without altering a single byte of real-world operational data.

This effectively automates the reverse-engineering you used to do in your head at 3:00 AM. When an alert triggers, you no longer have to manually trace the dependency chain. You simply run a simulation to see what would collapse if the failing component went completely dark, allowing you to make high-stakes decisions with absolute clarity.

Real-World Scenario: Protecting the Billing Pipeline

Consider a digital billing ecosystem comprised of three core pillars: an application server, a database, and a payment gateway, all mapped within a monitoring service tree.

The IT team is planning to upgrade the application server’s OS and needs to understand the worst-case scenario. Instead of relying on assumptions, they trigger a simulated impact analysis on the app server. The dashboard instantly reveals that if the server fails to reboot, the entire billing service goes down. Even though the database and payment gateway remain perfectly healthy, they are rendered useless without the application server orchestrating the transactions.

Armed with this undeniable data, the team’s strategy pivots. They now know to schedule a strict maintenance window, draft a rigorous rollback protocol, and notify the finance department well in advance. The risk itself hasn’t vanished, but the element of surprise has been eliminated. In the realm of IT operations, surprises are always the most expensive line item.

Four Strategic Use Cases for Impact Analysis

While you won’t run impact simulations every hour of the day, they are absolute lifesavers in four specific scenarios:

  • Scheduled Maintenance: To guarantee that a routine server patch won’t accidentally take down a forgotten legacy service.
  • Active Incidents: To instantly determine whether you should focus on fixing the broken component or manually rerouting the critical service it just brought down.
  • Change Management: To accurately assess deployment risks and justify the need for robust contingency plans.
  • Architecture Design: To evaluate network redundancy and prove that a single point of failure poses too great a risk to the business.

The common thread? You gain profound foresight. Instead of discovering your vulnerabilities through a catastrophic late-night outage, you uncover them safely on your own terms. None of these simulations require halting your active monitoring or permanently editing your service trees.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the distinction between monitoring a service and analyzing impact?

Service monitoring actively reports the current health of a service based on its underlying components. Impact analysis is predictive; it simulates the hypothetical failure of a component to map out exactly which downstream services would crash as a result. Pandora FMS 805 allows you to run these simulations safely, without touching live data.

How does dependency mapping improve incident triage?

Dependencies bridge the gap between a raw technical error and a business outage. They provide immediate context. The exact same hardware failure can have vastly different business consequences depending on where the hardware sits in your infrastructure and what critical services rely on it.

Is it possible to analyze failure impact without causing an actual outage?

Absolutely. Pandora FMS 805 utilizes a sandbox simulation model. It calculates the theoretical fallout of losing a component and displays the affected services without ever interrupting or altering your live production environment.

What prerequisites are required for impact analysis to function?

The accuracy of the simulation is entirely dependent on the quality of your defined service models. The more meticulously you map the relationships between your physical infrastructure and your logical services, the more precise the impact assessment will be. The system leverages your existing dependency definitions; it does not magically map unknown network topologies on its own.

NACVIEW 3.0.3 Release Update

Announcing NACVIEW 3.0.3: Deeper Integrations and Advanced Administrative Control

The release of NACVIEW 3.0.3 delivers practical upgrades designed specifically for the daily demands of IT teams. This update prioritizes seamless environment integration, robust authentication mechanisms, and highly efficient system maintenance protocols.

Seamless Microsoft Intune Synchronization

Connect your existing Microsoft infrastructure directly to NACVIEW. Version 3.0.3 natively imports endpoint devices, user identities, and administrator accounts directly from Microsoft Intune. This eliminates manual data duplication, guarantees cross-platform consistency, and significantly reduces administrative overhead.

Microsoft Authenticator & 365 Integration

Security and communications now align perfectly with the Microsoft ecosystem. Administrators can enforce multi-factor authentication (MFA) natively using Microsoft Authenticator, leveraging a tool already trusted by your workforce. Furthermore, the system now routes emails directly through Microsoft 365 services, bypassing legacy SMTP requirements.

Upgraded Diagnostic and Management Tooling

Resolve network issues faster with an expanded toolkit for system maintenance. IT teams can now actively verify replication health between Master and Slave nodes, execute full system restorations, and utilize a broader set of CLI diagnostic commands. The update also surfaces highly granular data regarding network devices, active ports, and identity profiles to streamline environment management.

Fortified Production Stability

Extensive under-the-hood optimizations ensure peak reliability across critical NACVIEW modules. Key stability improvements include:

  • Refined policy processing and System Node replication.
  • Enhanced performance for VPN, OTP, PKI, TACACS+, Captive Portal, and LDAP modules.
  • A hardened software upgrade sequence designed to guarantee resilient and stable system updates moving forward.

Dive into the complete technical breakdown in the official NACVIEW 3.0.3 Release Notes.

 

Evaluating a new Network Access Control solution? Contact our team today to schedule a live demonstration or initiate a Proof of Concept (PoC).

About NACVIEW
A powerful network access control (NAC) solution designed to provide organizations with comprehensive visibility and control over their network infrastructure. Developed by leading network security company, NACVIEW offers advanced features and capabilities to ensure secure and efficient network access for users and devices.

About Version 2 Limited
Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.

Through an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.

Enterprise AI Access Is Outpacing Control

The AI Auditability Gap: Why Enterprise Access is Outpacing Control

Six months ago, IT leaders were primarily concerned with shadow AI visibility. Today, the challenge has escalated from visibility to strict auditability: Can organizations definitively prove what their AI touched? Our latest research, surveying 250 IT decision-makers across the U.S. and U.K. (spanning Google Workspace and Microsoft 365 environments), reveals a critical disconnect between perceived readiness and actual forensic capabilities.

Four Critical Findings on AI Governance

Organizations are deploying autonomous tools faster than they can secure them. The data highlights four major vulnerabilities in current enterprise AI strategies:

1. The Illusion of Readiness

While a vast majority of IT leaders express high confidence in their AI auditing capabilities, only 37% are actually equipped with the requisite logs and records to reconstruct an AI action. Alarmingly, 89% of those identifying as “very confident” still exhibited multiple operational weaknesses across governance, permissions, or evidence gathering.

2. The Proof Deficit

72% of organizations acknowledge a significant gap between what their AI might access and what they can legally or technically prove it accessed. In the past year, 92% reported an AI-related security incident, with 36% of organizations investigating a breach without ever determining the exact data compromised.

3. Shadow Governance for Agents

55% of enterprises are utilizing autonomous agents capable of altering workflows or permissions. However, only 41% subject these agents to standard employee Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies. The remaining 59% rely on disjointed controls, with 63% utilizing high-risk authentication methods like shared service accounts or persistent API keys.

4. Unchecked System Sprawl

The average organization runs 2.7 AI tools deeply embedded across at least three core infrastructure categories (e.g., financial systems, CRM, endpoint management). Notably, one-third of respondents indicate AI has access to their core IAM systems. This sprawl fractures audit trails across the AI console, the targeted system, and the identity directory.

The AI Auditability Maturity Model

To standardize these findings, we developed an AI Auditability Maturity Model evaluating permission controls, security layers, forensic evidence, and governance. The primary differentiator between tiers is not the mere presence of controls, but the completeness of their coverage across both sanctioned tools and autonomous agents.

Maturity TierDistributionOperational Characteristics
Low Maturity16%Forensic evidence is fragmented; permission controls are heavily inconsistent; access reviews are strictly reactive.
Moderate Maturity64%Baseline controls exist but suffer from uneven coverage; critical gaps frequently surface during audits or post-incident investigations.
High Maturity20%Robust, centralized evidence logs; tightly scoped and routinely reviewed permissions; consistent governance applied across all human and non-human identities.

Platform Note: Google Workspace-primary organizations demonstrate a slight edge in maturity, with only 11% falling into the lowest tier compared to 21% of Microsoft 365-primary organizations.

The Agentic IAM Lifecycle: A Framework for Mature Teams

Organizations achieving High Maturity uniformly treat AI agents as standard identities. They implement a continuous “Agentic IAM Lifecycle” ensuring every automated action is traceable to a specific timestamp, a defined access scope, and an accountable human owner. This lifecycle requires four distinct stages:

  1. Discovery: Actively surfacing all agents operating within the environment, including unsanctioned “shadow AI” deployments (currently, 30% of teams report unmonitored shadow AI).
  2. Registration: Cataloging each agent with a strictly defined operational scope, designated purpose, and a named human owner.
  3. Access Management: Enforcing the principle of least privilege and implementing temporal access that expires upon task completion (49% currently report AI permissions as overly broad and difficult to review).
  4. Continuous Governance: Moving away from annual audits to continuous or automated permission reviews (a practice currently adopted by only 14% of respondents).

Access the Complete Intelligence

As you define your organization’s tolerance for AI autonomy in the coming year, baseline your strategy against complete industry data. The full report delivers comprehensive forensic evidence breakdowns, incident analysis by software suite, and regional benchmarking between the U.S. and U.K.

Download the Q4 Pulse Report

About JumpCloud
At JumpCloud, our mission is to build a world-class cloud directory. Not just the evolution of Active Directory to the cloud, but a reinvention of how modern IT teams get work done. The JumpCloud Directory Platform is a directory for your users, their IT resources, your fleet of devices, and the secure connections between them with full control, security, and visibility.

About Version 2 Limited
Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.

Through an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.

CWE vs. CVE: Decoding Weaknesses and Vulnerabilities

When a security advisory alerts you to “CVE-2021-44228,” it identifies a singular, trackable software flaw. When a developer’s code review flags “CWE-79,” it points to a structural coding error capable of spawning hundreds of distinct flaws. Managed by the MITRE Corporation, the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) and Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) programs provide the foundational vocabulary for modern security. CVE tracks the specific symptoms; CWE categorizes the underlying diseases. Mature security operations rely on both to bridge the gap between reactive patching and proactive secure development.

Essential Terminology

  • Weakness: An architectural, design, or coding flaw that creates the potential for a vulnerability.
  • Vulnerability: An exploitable manifestation of one or more weaknesses that compromises confidentiality, integrity, or availability.
  • Pillar / Class / Base / Variant: The hierarchy of CWE specificity, descending from broad conceptual errors (Pillar) down to granular, technology-specific coding mistakes (Variant).
  • CNA (CVE Numbering Authority): A federated organization authorized to assign official CVE IDs.
  • NVD (National Vulnerability Database): NIST’s repository that enriches CVE records with CVSS scores and CWE mappings.
  • EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System): A dynamic score estimating the probability of a CVE being exploited in the wild over the next 30 days.

The Core Difference: Identification vs. Explanation

A published CVE Record documents a publicly disclosed vulnerability, complete with a unique ID, affected products, and references. A CWE entry details the precise pattern of error that allowed the vulnerability to exist in the first place—a pattern that spans products, vendors, and languages.

Think of CWE as a disease and CVE as a diagnosed patient. Thousands of patients (CVEs) can contract the exact same disease (CWE). You cannot eradicate the disease by treating a single patient; you must address the underlying weakness through secure coding frameworks and architectural controls. Organizations tracking only CVEs remain perpetually reactive. Organizations leveraging CWEs identify root causes and prevent entire classes of vulnerabilities from reaching production.

Understanding CVE

Sponsored by CISA and managed by MITRE, the CVE program provides a universal catalog of publicly disclosed vulnerabilities. Each entry receives a standardized identifier (CVE-<year>-<number>). For instance, CVE-2025-53770 identifies a critical remote code execution flaw in on-premises Microsoft SharePoint Server that saw active exploitation in July 2025. This ID ensures development teams, SOC analysts, and security vendors are all discussing the exact same issue.

The scale of this catalog is accelerating. According to Jerry Gamblin’s H1 2026 analysis, the first half of 2026 generated 35,364 CVEs—equating to one new vulnerability every 7.4 minutes, a 49.5% surge compared to the same period in 2025.

Understanding CWE

Also sponsored by CISA and operated by MITRE’s HSSEDI, CWE is a community-driven dictionary of over 900 hardware and software weakness types. Weaknesses represent conditions—introduced during design, implementation, or configuration—that can mutate into vulnerabilities under the right circumstances. Well-known patterns include CWE-79 (Cross-Site Scripting) and CWE-89 (SQL Injection).

By giving developers and architects a standardized taxonomy of mistakes, CWE shifts security left. It allows teams to categorize threats, map vulnerabilities back to their architectural origins, and build targeted training curricula.

Distinguishing Vulnerability Language from Weakness Language

MITRE strictly separates how we describe a vulnerability from how we describe a weakness.

  • Vulnerability language focuses on prerequisites (e.g., “unauthenticated remote attacker”) and technical impact (e.g., “execute malicious code” or “bypass authorization”).
  • Weakness language isolates the root architectural cause (e.g., “improper bounds check” or “missing authentication”).

For example, if an unauthenticated attacker accesses sensitive API data to execute administrative commands, the “unauthenticated attacker” is the prerequisite, and the data access is the impact. The CWE mapping requires identifying the root cause—such as an improper authorization check—to effectively neutralize the flaw.

CWE vs. CVE: Side-by-Side

AttributeCWE (Common Weakness Enumeration)CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures)
DefinitionA category of software or hardware weakness.A specific, publicly disclosed vulnerability.
Primary PurposeClassify root-cause patterns to prevent future flaws during development.Identify and track specific vulnerabilities for assessment and remediation.
ExampleCWE-89: SQL InjectionCVE-2025-53770: Microsoft SharePoint Server RCE
Target AudienceDevelopers, architects, trainers, SAST vendors.DevOps, SOC analysts, IT operations, SCA tools.
RelationshipOne CWE serves as the root cause for thousands of CVEs.Each CVE maps to one or more CWEs defining its underlying cause.
Primary Use CaseCode review, threat modeling, secure design.Patch management, dependency scanning, incident response.

Root Cause Mapping: Connecting CVE to CWE

Root cause mapping links a specific CVE to the structural CWE that caused it. While a CVE directs the patch management team on what to update, the mapped CWE instructs the engineering team on what coding habit to break. Skipping this step turns vulnerability management into an endless treadmill of treating symptoms.

Accurate mapping drives down costs by catching defects pre-release, enables deep trend analysis (e.g., tracking a spike in memory-safety issues), and systematically eliminates entire vulnerability classes from a codebase. For example, Log4Shell (CVE-2021-44228) maps to multiple weaknesses in the NVD, including CWE-917 (Improper Neutralization of Special Elements) and CWE-502 (Deserialization of Untrusted Data), highlighting the multifaceted nature of complex flaws.

Navigating CWE Abstraction Levels

CWEs are structured hierarchically: Pillar (abstract concept) ➔ Class ➔ Base ➔ Variant (narrow, specific instance). MITRE advises analysts to map vulnerabilities at the Base or Variant level whenever possible, as these provide actionable specificity. Class-level mappings should only be used as a fallback. Crucially, vulnerabilities should never be mapped to a CWE Category (e.g., CWE-725), which is merely a grouping of related weaknesses, not a weakness itself.

Prioritizing the Threat Landscape

Neither CVE nor CWE dictates patch urgency. To prioritize remediation, security teams rely on external scoring models:

LayerQuestion AnsweredData Signal
CVSS (Severity)How damaging is a successful exploit?0–10 score evaluating impact and attack complexity.
EPSS (Likelihood)Will this be exploited in the next 30 days?0–1 probability based on real-world threat intelligence.
ReachabilityIs the vulnerable code actually executing?Application-specific context verifying if the flawed function is invoked.

A critical CVSS score on a dormant library function often poses less risk than a medium-severity flaw in a heavily trafficked authentication path. By combining CVSS, EPSS, and reachability analysis, organizations can filter out noise and construct highly focused remediation queues.

Practical Applications and Tool Integration

SAST (Static Application Security Testing) tools leverage CWEs to flag poor coding patterns during development. Conversely, SCA (Software Composition Analysis) and patch management platforms ingest CVE data to identify outdated libraries and software operating in production. Both the CWE Top 25 (an annual ranking of the most prevalent and dangerous weaknesses) and the OWASP Top 10 (a web-specific risk catalog) serve as foundational benchmarks for configuring these tools and designing security training.

Executing Vulnerability Management with Action1

Identifying a CVE is only the first step; closing the loop requires rapid, verifiable remediation. Action1 delivers an integrated platform that continuously monitors Windows, macOS, and third-party applications, directly linking vulnerability detection with autonomous deployment.

Intelligence and Prioritization

Action1 bypasses reliance on a single database by aggregating vulnerability intelligence from VulnCheck NVD++, NIST NVD, CISA KEV, MSRC, and direct vendor feeds. It provides immediate context—including CVSS scores, attack vectors, ransomware associations, and CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities status. Administrators can map these findings against configurable SLAs, instantly identifying which patches are due, approaching deadlines, or critically overdue.

Autonomous Remediation and Deployment

Action1 translates findings into immediate action. Teams can deploy updates, uninstall compromised applications, or execute compensating controls directly from the vulnerability record. Deployments are governed by granular maintenance windows, automated approval workflows, and update rings that stage patches across test groups before wider release. To minimize network strain, Action1 utilizes a private software repository and peer-to-peer (P2P) distribution, allowing local endpoints to share packages without saturating external bandwidth.

Enterprise Governance and Reporting

Built for complex environments, Action1 supports multi-tenancy, enabling administrators to manage distinct departments or customers from a unified console while maintaining strict data separation. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) enforces least-privilege operations across the IT team. Compliance is proven through real-time deployment tracking and over 100 customizable report templates detailing CVE status, software inventory, and configuration drift.

While full CVE-level assessment for Linux is planned for a future release, Action1 currently supports robust Linux patch management across Ubuntu, RHEL, CentOS, and Debian. Organizations can run a comprehensive, one-time vulnerability assessment across an unlimited number of endpoints at no cost, and the platform remains entirely free—with zero feature restrictions—for the first 200 endpoints.

About Action1

Action1 is an autonomous endpoint management platform trusted by many Fortune 500 companies. Cloud-native, infinitely scalable, highly secure, and configurable in 5 minutes—it just works and is always free for the first 200 endpoints, with no functional limits. By pioneering autonomous OS and third-party patching with peer-to-peer patch distribution and real-time vulnerability assessment without needing a VPN, it eliminates routine labor, preempts ransomware and security risks, and protects the digital employee experience.

In 2025, Action1 was recognized by Inc. 5000 as the fastest-growing private software company in America. The company is founder-led by Alex Vovk and Mike Walters, American entrepreneurs who previously founded Netwrix, a multi-billion-dollar cybersecurity company.

About Version 2 Limited
Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.

Through an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.

The AI Governance Gap: Why MSPs Are Lagging Behind

The AI Governance Gap: Why MSPs Are Lagging Behind

AI agents are already executing active workloads in 72% of modern organizations, yet fewer than 40% of these digital workers are managed under standard identity and access protocols. More alarmingly, JumpCloud’s Agentic IAM Pulse Report reveals that 83% of teams lack a designated security owner to hold accountable when an AI agent makes an error.

Your clients are running AI agents within your managed environments right now. Whether you have formalized a service around this reality or not, the operational exposure exists. The reluctance of Managed Service Providers (MSPs) to build formal AI governance practices rarely stems from a lack of interest. Instead, it is driven by three distinct, solvable barriers.

1. The Ownership Vacuum

The proliferation of machine identities has vastly outpaced the strategic frameworks needed to govern them. Currently, only 17% of organizations assign AI agent accountability to a dedicated security leader. Nearly half (47%) simply dump the problem onto IT by default, while a mere 6% utilize cross-functional governance committees. Ultimately, 83% of organizations operate without clear security ownership over AI.

Because AI agents represent an entirely new operational category, businesses remain paralyzed over whether governance belongs to IT, security, or compliance. However, fundamentally, this is an Identity and Access Management (IAM) challenge. AI agents operate as Non-Human Identities (NHIs) and require the exact same foundational controls as human users: unique identification, linkage to a human owner, strict least-privilege access, and defined lifecycles. With NHIs now outnumbering human employees in 53% of organizations—and hitting a 6:1 ratio in 23% of them—every agent requires an owner. MSPs can bridge this gap by claiming the ownership territory that clients have left vacant.

2. Tool Stack Saturation and Alert Fatigue

MSP technicians already operate at maximum capacity. Navigating between RMM, PSA, EDR, and DLP platforms forces engineers to pivot across four to seven distinct security consoles daily. Consequently, over 75% of MSPs report experiencing alert fatigue every month. Teams burdened by high false-positive rates face a 2.7x higher probability of debilitating daily burnout.

Attempting to sell your team on AI governance by introducing yet another standalone console to license, monitor, and maintain will face immediate rejection. The solution is not bolting on a new tool; it is extending your existing IAM capabilities. When AI agent governance is routed through the exact same platform used to manage human identities and endpoints, technicians do not have to learn a new system. They simply apply familiar controls to a new identity class.

3. The Perception of Legal Liability

Assuming governance over a client’s AI agents—especially those built by third parties or driven by unknown prompts—feels like an open invitation to legal liability. However, turning a blind eye offers zero protection. If an unmonitored agent triggers a data breach or executes a catastrophic workflow within your client’s environment, the operational and reputational damage will inevitably strike the MSP, regardless of contract specifics.

The current lack of baseline controls exacerbates this risk: 55% of organizations lack a centralized kill switch to sever an agent’s access during an incident, and 59% fail to maintain comprehensive audit trails of agent activity. If an incident occurs and you can instantly produce audit logs detailing the agent’s owner, its access scope, and the exact moment its privileges were revoked, you demonstrate reasonable oversight. Failing to provide any documentation makes you the scapegoat.

Capitalizing on the AI Governance Opportunity

Addressing ownership, tool fatigue, and liability does not require pivoting your entire business model. It simply demands applying your existing identity and access discipline to the autonomous workers already operating inside your clients’ networks.

MSPs that establish an AI security and governance practice today will secure long-term client dependency and capture significant margins for years to come. To explore tiered pricing strategies, position yourself as a strategic AI advisor, and deliver robust agentic security without bloating your tool stack, consult The MSP Guide to Securing and Selling Agentic AI. Download the full playbook today to transform these three perceived barriers into a highly profitable, scalable service line.

About JumpCloud
At JumpCloud, our mission is to build a world-class cloud directory. Not just the evolution of Active Directory to the cloud, but a reinvention of how modern IT teams get work done. The JumpCloud Directory Platform is a directory for your users, their IT resources, your fleet of devices, and the secure connections between them with full control, security, and visibility.

About Version 2 Limited
Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.

Through an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.

Beyond Shadow AI: The Imperative for a Unified Identity Architecture

Beyond Shadow AI: The Imperative for a Unified Identity Architecture

Managing digital access shouldn’t feel like an operational nightmare, yet modern IT teams are navigating unprecedented chaos as the definition of a “user” rapidly evolves.

The Evolution of the Digital Workforce

The modern enterprise workforce has expanded far beyond human employees logging into SaaS platforms. Today, autonomous AI agents, automated workflows, and custom scripts operate at machine speed, frequently accessing core networks and querying databases. Often, these digital entities handle sensitive customer data completely under the IT department’s radar, creating massive governance blind spots.

The Danger of Fragmented Security

Treating human and machine identities as entirely separate problems is a failing strategy. According to JumpCloud’s Agentic IAM Pulse Report, tool fragmentation prevents 92% of organizations from securely scaling their AI agents. When identity and access management (IAM) systems remain siloed, unmanaged “zombie” agents proliferate. Without a direct link between an automated task and a verified user account, IT cannot confirm if an agent’s actions actually align with human intent. Relying on disjointed tools for access, compliance, and security leaves dangerous gaps, allowing over-privileged bots to compromise sensitive corporate data in seconds.

Overcoming Legacy Limitations

Legacy IAM platforms were designed exclusively for human logins, not for governing dynamic, autonomous code. Left unchecked, third-party AI services can spread across endpoints, maintain elevated privileges indefinitely, and open backdoors into your infrastructure. However, outright banning AI or locking down systems stunts business growth. The organizations that will thrive in the agentic era are those that implement robust governance, enabling secure and rapid innovation rather than stifling it.

JumpCloud’s Unified Control Framework

To safely scale automation, JumpCloud delivers a cohesive identity infrastructure purpose-built for the age of AI:
  • Assign Agent Identities: Provision verifiable digital identities to all AI-driven services, ensuring autonomous actions are strictly privileged, secure, and fully auditable.
  • Mitigate Non-Human Identity (NHI) Risk: Connect AI agents directly to core IT systems—from legacy applications to cloud infrastructure—and govern them via a single control plane to eradicate shadow automation.
  • Maintain Continuous Monitoring: Gain 24/7 oversight of device health, corporate data access, and third-party agent permissions across your entire hybrid ecosystem.
Embracing the agentic era means treating AI agents as primary identities right alongside your human workforce, ultimately securing your entire hybrid organization on a single platform.

About JumpCloud
At JumpCloud, our mission is to build a world-class cloud directory. Not just the evolution of Active Directory to the cloud, but a reinvention of how modern IT teams get work done. The JumpCloud Directory Platform is a directory for your users, their IT resources, your fleet of devices, and the secure connections between them with full control, security, and visibility.

About Version 2 Limited
Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.

Through an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.

JumpCloud Access Risk Detection: Features, Benefits, and Overview

From Visibility to Action: Proactive Enforcement with JumpCloud Access Risk Detection

Modern cybercriminals rarely need to hack into your network; they simply log in. According to SpyCloud’s 2025 Identity Exposure Report, compromised credentials are now the root cause of roughly 80% of data breaches. Once an adversary crosses the perimeter, the clock ticks rapidly. CrowdStrike’s 2026 Global Threat Report indicates that attackers now pivot from initial access to lateral movement in just 29 minutes—leaving IT teams with virtually no time to detect, let alone disrupt, the intrusion.

Legacy monitoring tools were not designed to counter this velocity. Because an attacker using stolen credentials authenticates legitimately, static security systems lack the baseline context to differentiate between an authorized employee and a threat actor. This inability to detect subtle behavioral deviations is precisely why intrusions remain hidden for extended periods.

Intelligent, User-Centric Risk Scoring

JumpCloud Access Risk Detection bridges this critical security gap by shifting your operational posture from reactive alert-chasing to proactive, identity-based enforcement.

Instead of burying your IT department in raw, contextless logs, the platform autonomously analyzes authentication trends to construct a distinct behavioral profile for every individual user. Subsequent login attempts are continuously evaluated against this personalized baseline in real time. When anomalies occur, the system immediately surfaces the risk, empowering your team to neutralize threats before lateral movement can take place.

Core Platform Capabilities

While legacy anomaly detection relies on broad, organization-wide thresholds that inevitably generate alert fatigue, JumpCloud anchors every security decision in precise, user-specific telemetry:

  • Dynamic Behavioral Baselines: The system automatically compiles a comprehensive behavioral portrait using up to 60 days of continuous telemetry or the user’s last 50 successful authentications—whichever provides the most accurate context.
  • User-Centric Anomaly Scoring: Deviations are evaluated holistically rather than in isolation. JumpCloud correlates concurrent signals—such as an unrecognized browser attempting access alongside impossible travel parameters—into a single, weighted risk score.
  • Three-Tier Severity Mapping: Every generated score maps directly to a strict severity tier (Low, Medium, or Critical). This allows security teams to instantly distinguish immediate threats from events that can be batched for weekly review.
  • Privileged Account Weighting: Administrator accounts inherently carry outsized risk. JumpCloud applies heightened scrutiny and heavier weighting to deviations on privileged profiles, ensuring your most sensitive access points remain heavily guarded.
  • Dedicated “Needs Review” Dashboard: Auto-remediated events are aggressively filtered out of the administrative queue. The resulting centralized dashboard provides a clean interface where admins can build custom filters, analyze granular telemetry, and attach compliance documentation directly to incidents.

Operational and Security Benefits

Because Access Risk Detection is natively integrated into the JumpCloud directory, it delivers profound security enhancements without the operational drag of a bolted-on third-party tool.

  • Accelerated Time-to-Detection: Eliminate the need for manual log correlation. JumpCloud’s automated behavioral engine flags credential stuffing and account takeover (ATO) attempts in minutes, effectively slamming the window on lateral movement.
  • Reduced Alert Fatigue: By leveraging automated verification loops—such as triggering step-up MFA for ambiguous login attempts—the system naturally filters out false positives and preserves administrative focus.
  • Context-Rich Remediation: Alerts are delivered with a complete behavioral narrative. This transparency allows IT teams to confidently confirm genuine threats or dismiss legitimate anomalies directly from the console.
  • Unified Architecture: Avoid the complexity of another vendor, integration, and dashboard. JumpCloud consolidates directory services, identity management, device control, and risk monitoring into a single pane of glass.

JumpCloud transforms continuous directory telemetry into actionable, highly individualized intelligence. This deep visibility enables IT professionals to intercept compromised credentials long before they escalate into costly breaches. The future of enterprise security relies on unified, intelligent, and proactive systems.

Experience the transition from reactive to proactive security. Sign up for a free trial today to see JumpCloud Access Risk Detection in action.

About JumpCloud
At JumpCloud, our mission is to build a world-class cloud directory. Not just the evolution of Active Directory to the cloud, but a reinvention of how modern IT teams get work done. The JumpCloud Directory Platform is a directory for your users, their IT resources, your fleet of devices, and the secure connections between them with full control, security, and visibility.

About Version 2 Limited
Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.

Through an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.

Upgrading Your IT Security for the Age of Autonomous AI

Upgrading Your IT Security for the Age of Autonomous AI

Imagine a sales operations analyst drowning in manual data entry while facing a three-week backlog in the IT queue. Frustrated, they take matters into their own hands. They spin up a no-code platform, link an AI agent to your CRM using a personal API key, and set it loose.

By noon, this autonomous agent is reading contact files, firing off email sequences, and permanently altering database records. It works 24/7. It holds standing access to your customer data. And critically, it exists entirely outside your IT department's inventory.

If that agent makes a catastrophic error tomorrow, who is held accountable? For most IT teams, the answer is a blank stare. This accountability void is a severe vulnerability, and falling back on a blanket "block-it-all" mentality won’t fix it.

Here is why agentic shadow AI operates under completely different rules than traditional shadow IT, why outright bans are counterproductive, and how you can actually govern autonomous agents safely. This isn't about halting innovation or tearing down your existing security architecture. It’s about recognizing that AI agents aren't just software—they are identities that require human owners.

Shadow IT Stores Your Data. Shadow AI Acts On It.

Shadow IT is nothing new. Whether it's a team using an unsanctioned cloud drive or a productivity app not vetted by IT, it is incredibly common. The Cloud Security Alliance notes that roughly 55% of employees utilize shadow IT. They aren't trying to be malicious; they are simply choosing the path of least resistance to get their jobs done.

Agentic shadow AI, however, escalates the threat level exponentially. An unmonitored agent with write-access to your production environment is an execution liability operating at machine speed. It doesn't just hold data; it alters settings, communicates with clients, and overwrites single-source-of-truth records.

The core issue has shifted from where your data lives to what decisions are being made on your behalf—and who answers for them.

The Scale of the Problem: Today, 83% of organizations manage more non-human identities than human ones. Yet, a mere 21% have implemented access governance for them. Your legacy identity directories were designed for a human workforce, but humans are no longer the only entities navigating your network.

Adoption is Surging While Oversight Evaporates

It’s tempting to believe that a rogue AI agent would be highly visible and easily caught. The statistics tell a different story.

Currently, over 60% of organizations deploy AI agents within production workflows, often intersecting with highly sensitive areas like financial reporting, HR provisioning, and access management. Despite this widespread use, only 23% of IT leaders believe their organizations possess the maturity and IT unification required to govern them at scale. Just six months ago, that confidence sat at 40%. This drop isn't a regression; it's a sudden, harsh awakening to the realities of autonomous systems.

As adoption accelerates, human oversight is thinning out alarmingly:

  • Only 25% of organizations now mandate human approval before high-risk AI actions (down from 40% six months ago).
  • The percentage of organizations letting agents run with zero human review has skyrocketed from 11% to 26%.

The consequences of this hands-off approach can be devastating. In April 2026, an AI agent handling routine tasks for the rental software provider PocketOS accidentally wiped the production database—and its backups—in a mere nine seconds.

Faced with these risks, many IT teams instinctively try to slam the door shut by blocking URLs and enacting strict bans. But bans don't eliminate AI agents; they just drive them underground. A ban doesn't remove the risk; it removes your visibility into it.

The Fix: Identity, Ownership, and Expiration

To safely embrace AI agents, you don't need to burn down your current security infrastructure. You simply need to treat these autonomous agents with the same rigorous lifecycle management you apply to human employees.

Agents authenticate. They hold permissions. Therefore, they require a strictly governed lifecycle. Here is the blueprint:

1. Discover

Actively scan your environment for hidden OAuth tokens, API keys, and browser extensions spanning all devices and cloud applications. You cannot secure an entity you don't know exists.

2. Register

Catalog every single agent. Document exactly what it does, what systems it touches, and permanently tether it to a named, accountable human owner.

3. Manage

Enforce the principle of least privilege. Scope the agent's entitlements exclusively to its specific task. Time-box these permissions so they expire automatically, and restrict agent execution strictly to healthy, managed devices.

4. Govern

Demand human approval checkpoints for high-risk actions. Ensure every action is logged against a verified identity. Most importantly, configure your systems to automatically revoke an agent's access the exact moment its human owner leaves the company or changes roles.

This final step is crucial for preventing zombie agents—fully authenticated, highly privileged bots that linger forgotten in your system long after their creator has moved on. Automated deprovisioning eliminates this blind spot by default.

Build the Foundation to Safely Say "Yes"

Your employees are not bypassing your IT protocols because they want to subvert security. They are circumventing the rules because they have discovered tools that drastically improve their workflow, and you haven't provided a safe, sanctioned pathway to use them.

It is time to build that pathway. When every AI agent is discovered, registered, meticulously managed, and governed, you flip the script. Agentic AI ceases to be a shadow risk and transforms into a distinct competitive advantage.

Ready to take back control?

Dive deeper into how autonomous systems are infiltrating modern IT environments and master our complete four-stage control framework by reading our comprehensive eBook:

The New State of Agentic Shadow AI

About JumpCloud
At JumpCloud, our mission is to build a world-class cloud directory. Not just the evolution of Active Directory to the cloud, but a reinvention of how modern IT teams get work done. The JumpCloud Directory Platform is a directory for your users, their IT resources, your fleet of devices, and the secure connections between them with full control, security, and visibility.

About Version 2 Limited
Version 2 Digital is one of the most dynamic IT companies in Asia. The company distributes a wide range of IT products across various areas including cyber security, cloud, data protection, end points, infrastructures, system monitoring, storage, networking, business productivity and communication products.

Through an extensive network of channels, point of sales, resellers, and partnership companies, Version 2 offers quality products and services which are highly acclaimed in the market. Its customers cover a wide spectrum which include Global 1000 enterprises, regional listed companies, different vertical industries, public utilities, Government, a vast number of successful SMEs, and consumers in various Asian cities.